Thermonectus tremouillesi sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Aciliini): description of the adults and larvae and comparisons with other species of the genus

A new species of Aciliini diving beetles, Thermonectus tremouillesi sp. nov., is described on the basis of adult and larval specimens collected in shaded forest ponds in Argentina. The adults are compared with morphologically close species and diagnosed by the following combination of characters: the colour pattern on pronotum and elytra; the sexual sculpture of the female well marked, covering basal fourth to basal half of elytra; the male protibia narrow with dorsal margin slightly prominent; the tergite IX of male with four posterior projections; the median lobe of aedeagus bifid apically; and the parameres bearing a terminal spur. The larvae, for their part, are compared with those of other species of the genus and diagnosed by the colour pattern of the cephalic capsule, the shape of the nasale, the spinulae on the prementum, and several chaetotaxic features. Both adults and larvae are illustrated in detail combining scanning electron microscope images, digital photos and line drawings of selected structures. The habitat of the new species and its associated fauna are briefly described.     

New Polypheretima and Pithemera (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) species from the Mt. Malindang Range,Mindanao Island,Philippines

We describe four new pheretimoid earthworm species, one in Polypheretima and three in Pithemera, from Mt. Malindang, Misamis Occidental Province, Mindanao Island, Philippines, and provide diagrams of external morphology and internal anatomy. Polypheretima mindanaoensis sp. nov. belongs to the Po. elongata species group, characterised by having genital markings on xix and successive segments and pairs of spermathecal batteries in vi and/or vii. It differs from the other members of the Po. elongata species group in having no copulatory bursae. This species shows individual variation in the number of spermathecae in each battery. Individuals that lack spermathecae are presumed to reproduce parthenogenetically. Pithemera malindangensis sp. nov. and Pi. duminagati sp. nov. belong to the Pi. bicincta species group, characterised by having the first spermathecal pores in 4/5. These two species differ in size and in the distance between male pores. Pithemera donvictorianoi sp. nov. belongs to the Pi. pacifica species group, characterised by having the first spermathecal pores in 5/6. This is the only member of this species group so far reported from the Philippines, and this is the only Philippine Pithemera species whose clitellum covers two rather than two and a half segments. Current studies show that worldwide, the Philippines has the highest diversity for Pithemera, with 13 species, followed by Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Islands, each area with six species. Indonesia has the highest diversity for Polypheretima, with 18 species, followed by Vietnam with 13 species, and then Papua New Guinea and the Philippines, each area with eight species. These findings indicate a high degree of endemicity within these areas, suggesting that many species remain to be detected in the Philippines.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2198709C-F5E1-4A0D-A185-CA506D206171     

A new large and colourful species of the genus Doto (Nudibranchia: Dotidae) from South Africa

A new species of the genus Doto is described from the Cape Peninsula of the Western Cape Province, South Africa. To date, the genus Doto is probably one of the more complex and poorly defined genera within nudibranchs. The very small body size and very similar external and internal features make this genus problematic and, therefore, poorly studied. Despite the large number of described species around the world, only three species are known to be present in South Africa: Doto coronata (Gmelin, 1791), Doto pinnatifida (Montagu, 1804) and Doto rosea Trinchese, 1881. Morphologically, Doto splendida sp. nov. is easily distinguished from all its South African congeneric species by its conspicuous colouration. In addition, mitochondrial and nuclear genes clearly separate the new species from other species from southern Africa. A molecular phylogeny based on two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and one nuclear (H3) gene is herein presented. This phylogeny includes all available species of Doto (valid and unidentified) as well as several other traditionally closed related species retrieved from GenBank.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3764C38DF6BB-415F-958C-E3132A1A9524     

不同温度下无烟煤电阻率的层理效应

选取层理面与轴向夹角θ为0°、30°、45°、60°和90°的无烟煤样,采用CHI660E型电化学工作站,在0~95℃温度下测试煤样的I-V曲线,提出串并联主导程度概念,采用最小势能原理和电荷极化原理,分析和研究不同温度下层理结构对电阻率的影响机理及规律.结果表明:无烟煤电阻率随温度升高呈现较强的规律性,当θ为0°时在55℃时出现拐点,其余均在35℃时出现拐点;串并联主导程度解释了层理结构对电阻率的影响机理,由关键层理面的数量和开始通过时间来决定;无烟煤电阻率受层理结构影响显著,随θ增大呈现递增规律;无烟煤各向异性系数随温度升高而增大,在35~65℃范围内,增大近2倍.     

Simultaneous estimation of genetic linkage and preferential pairing factor for a triploid population with unphased markers

Triploids,recognized to occur more frequently in natural and experimental populations of many species than previously appreciated,display important economic and biological values.Despite this,however,linkage analysis for triploids has not been well explored.We develop a statistical model for estimating and testing the linkage between molecular markers in a triploid population derived from a tetraploid and diploid parent.The model incorporates one important meiotic feature of tetraploids by which more homologous chromosomes pair with a greater likelihood than less homologous chromosomes.By implementing the EM algorithm within the maximum likelihood framework,the model provides a procedure for simultaneous estimation of the linkage and preferential pairing factor.The model accommodates the segregating patterns of pseudotest markers and intercross markers with different amounts of informativeness.The utility of the model was validated through a real data analysis and simulation studies.The model provides a statistical tool for linkage analysis in a triploid population by taking into account meiotic behavior of tetraploids.Results from the model will help to shed light on the genetic diversity and origin of a polyploid population.     

A new species of the genus Mawsonascaris Sprent, 1990 (Nematoda: Ascaridida) from Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier) (Rajiformes: Rhinobatidae) in the Taiwan Strait,with remarks on the systematic status of Raphidascaroides myliobatum Yin & Zhang, 1983

A new ascaridoid nematode Mawsonascaris zhoui sp. nov. collected from the granulated guitarfish Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier) (Rajiformes: Rhinobatidae) in the Taiwan Strait (off Xiamen, Fujian Province, China) is described and illustrated in this paper. The new species can easily be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of an intestinal caecum, the presence of a single, median precloacal volcaniform papilla, a pair of paracloacal double papillae and 10–11 precloacal papillae in the male. In addition, the paratypes of Raphidascaroides myliobatum Yin & Zhang, 1983 Yin, W-Z and Zhang, N-X. 1983. Notes on some nematodes of marine fishes from Fujian, China. Acta Zootaxon Sinica., 8: 11–16. In Chinese, English summary [Google Scholar] collected from the Japanese eagle ray Myliobatis tobijei Bleeker (Rajiformes: Myliobatidae) in the Taiwan Strait (off Chongwu, Fujian Province, China) were also re-examined and the morphology of the species reveals that it also belongs to the genus Mawsonascaris, as M. myliobatum (Yin & Zhang, 1983 Yin, W-Z and Zhang, N-X. 1983. Notes on some nematodes of marine fishes from Fujian, China. Acta Zootaxon Sinica., 8: 11–16. In Chinese, English summary [Google Scholar]) comb. nov. An identification key to the species of Mawsonascaris is provided.     

Four new species of the genus Synosis Townes (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from the eastern Andes of Peru and key for the New World species

Synosis Townes is a widely distributed genus of the family Ichneumonidae; most species recorded occur in the Old World and only two were formerly known to occur in the New World. Herein we describe Synosis rubinus sp. nov., Synosis cosnipatensis sp. nov., Synosis gauldi sp. nov. and Synosis townesi sp. nov. collected in various Peruvian cloud forests. A generic diagnosis and a key to the species occurring in the New World is also presented. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8E5FA67F-F80A-4D78-8E5E-7CC8D6662396